Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder that is passed on from the parents to a child. Patients of sickle cell disease have damaged hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein that is responsible for carrying oxygen to all the cells and tissues of the body. In a sickle cell disease patient the faulty hemoglobin fails to deliver oxygen to body tissues. Sickle cell disease patients suffer from severe anemia. Sickle cell disease if untreated can damage liver, heart, kidneys, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and even joints. At CMCS Health , we are associated with best Indian Hematologist and BMT specialists for Sickle cell treatment in India | BMT for patients seeking sickle cell disease treatment in India.

Sickle cell Disease - An Overview :

Sickle cell disease is a severe form of anemia caused by genetic mutation in the Red blood cells. It is a genetic disorder which is inherited by the patient from the two faulty hemoglobin genes from both the parents. Sickle cell disease is rampant in Africa. Sub-Saharan African countries have the highest number of Sickle cell disease patients.

• Current studies indicates that 4.4 million people have sickle cell disease worldwide and about 43 million are carrier of sickle cell trait.
• Prevalence of sickle cell disease is highest in sub-Saharan Africa and accounts to almost 80% of all sickle cell disease cases worldwide.
• Nigeria has highest percentage of population affected with sickle cell anemia.
• Sickle cell anemia is common in Nigeria , Democratic republic of Congo, Ghana, Uganda, Cameroon, Tanzania , Gabon,Sudan, Zambia and Kenya.

At CMCS Health , we are associated with Top Sickle cell anemia treatment doctors of India at Best Sickle cell treatment hospital in India. Many patients from African continents had successful Sickle cell anemia treatment in India with our assistance.

Etiology of Sickle cell disease :

Because of the genetic mutation,the shape of RBC ,which is flexible circular disc shaped changes to rigid sickle or crescent shaped rods. Hemoglobin a protein in RBCs,works as a transporter of nutrients and oxygen to cells all across the body.Normal RBCs are disc shaped,with the centers partially scooped out. They are flexible and soft and therefore have the capacity to squeeze through even the tiniest of blood vessels to reach every cell in the body.Due to genetic mutation the RBCs acquire the shape of a crescent moon or Sickle and become rigid and brittle.These Abnormal shaped RBCs which are not flexible get struck in small blood vessels causing slow or blockage of blood flow to other tissues of body and disrupt supply of Oxygen to those parts. Moreover the lifespan of abnormal sickle shaped RBCs is only 10-20 days as compared to 120 days of normal RBCs.Human body keeps on forming new RBCs to replace the old ones,but in a person with sickle cell disease the balance in formation of new RBCs and Destruction of existing RBCs is disturbed. This results in lower RBC count or anemia in a person suffering with Sickle cell disease. Allogenic Bone marrow transplant in India offers a viable option for Sickle cell disease patients.

At CMCS Health , we offer cost effective and comprehensive Sickle cell disease treatment in India with best sickle cell anemia doctors in India at Top sickle cell treatment hospitals in India.

Sickle cell disease signs and symptoms :

Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease may vary from person to person. Sickle cell disease symptoms may include :

• Patients of sickle cell disease get fatigued easily. The reason is anemia.

What are complications of Sickle cell disease?

Sickle cell anemia may have different complications in different people at different stages of disease,but the major and severe complications for a person suffering from sickle cell anemia can be broadly classified as Acute and chronic.

Acute Complication of Sickle cell disease :

Acute complications of Sickle cell anemia have a sudden onset. It means the complications occur in a short time.

Sickle cell crisis:

Sickle cell crisis or VAS ( Vaso occlusive crisis ) manifests as acute severe pain.Sickle cells disrupts blood supply through smaller capillaries resulting in ischemia. Sudden pain across body that may persist from a few hours to a few days.The pain usually occurs in limbs,chest and back.

Fever and infections:

Patients with sickle cell disease are prone to severe bacterial infections because of reduction or absence of splenic function. This may expose the patient to extremely high risk of septicemia and meningitis.Pneumonia is the most common infection ,meningitis,influenza and hepatitis are other infections occurring in sickle cell disease patients.

A Stroke:

Sickle cell disease may cause a a stroke in an affected person because of oxygen deprivation due to blockage in supply of blood to tissue of brain. Some of the sickle cell anemia patients may experience a Transient ischemic attack.

Acute Chest Syndrome:

Pneumonia like complications in a child or adult suffering from sickle cell disease. The reason could be an infection or sickle cells trapped in micro capillaries of lungs.

Hepatobiliary complications:

Hepatobiliary tract abnormalities are common in sickle cell disease patients.They may include cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis, biliary sludge, and acute choledocholithiasis,acute Hepatic Sequestration and acute intrahepatic cholestasis.

Acute renal failure:

A decrease in kidney functions due to dehydration or obstruction or even because of intrinsic renal disease.

Acute Anemia:

May be because of Splenic sequestration.

Multisystem Organ failure:

A systemic failure of lungs,liver and kidney is a life threatening medical condition for sickle cell anemia patients.

Chronic complications of Sickle cell anemia :

Chronic complications of Sickle cell disease occur over a period of time. They are not sudden like in acute complications of sickle cell disease.

Vision Problems:

A sickle cell disease patient may develop vision problems over a period of time.It may include proliferative sickle retinopathy and vitreous hemorrhage. Complete vision loss is also possible.

Avascular Necrosis:

Avascular or aseptic necrosis can occur when capillaries are occluded by sickled erythrocytes at distal portions of a bone, near a joint, where hypoxia is maximal and collateral circulation is inadequate .The most common site for sickle cell anemia induced avascular necrosis is femoral neck.

Leg Ulcers:

Leg ulcers appear in patients of sickle cell anemia.

Pulmonary Hypertension:

Pulmonary hypertension occur in sickle cell disease patients.

Sickle cell treatment in India | BMT

Sickle cell anemia patients are usually referred to a Hematologist ( A doctor who has specialized in blood disease management). Treatment of sickle cell anemia may involve determining many factors by the treating hematologist. Treatment of sickle cell anemia includes regular monitoring and follow up with a hematologist, Medications for management of symptoms and complications,pain management,blood transfusions, oxygen supplementation and allogeneic Bone Marrow transplant.

Sickle cell disease treatment in India | Bone marrow transplant:

Stem cell or Bone marrow transplant is a viable treatment option for those young sickle cell anemia patients where the diseases condition is severe and can not be managed with conventional methods. A sickle cell anemia child who is having a matching sibling donor is referred for a bone marrow transplant by the hematologist considering all the pros and cons. Risk involved is big but a stem cell or bone marrow transplant is the only cure for sickle cell anemia child or young adult. We offer cost effective bone marrow transplant ( BMT ) for sickle cell disease treatment in India | BMT.

Before the transplant, bone marrow cells  are taken from a close matching healthy brother or sister. The patient with sickle cell disease is then treated with chemotherapy and radiation that destroy his or her bone marrow cells. After that, the donated bone marrow stem cells are transplanted in the patient.

Best Doctors for Sickle cell disease treatment in India:

India offers hope for Sickle cell disease patients from all across the world. Bone marrow transplants are successfully being done at many hospitals in India by the best Indian hematologists/BMT specialists of India for patients from Nigeria, Tanzania, Cameroon, Democratic republic of Congo, Ghana, Uganda, Kenya, Gabon, Sudan, Zambia and many other African countries.